Darboux transformation with dihedral reduction group

We construct the Darboux transformation with Dihedral reduction group for the 2-dimensional generalisation of the periodic Volterra lattice. The resulting Bäcklund transformation can be viewed as a nonevolutionary integrable differential difference equation. We also find its generalised symmetry and the Lax representation for this symmetry. Using formal diagonalisation of the Darboux matrix, we obtain local conservation laws of the system

Reductions of integrable equations on A.III-type symmetric spaces

We study a class of integrable non-linear differential equations related to the A.III-type symmetric spaces. These spaces are realized as factor groups of the form SU(N)/S(U(N-k) x U(k)). We use the Cartan involution corresponding to this symmetric space as an element of the reduction group and restrict generic Lax operators to this symmetric space. The symmetries of the Lax operator are inherited by the fundamental analytic solutions and give a characterization of the corresponding Riemann-Hilbert data.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX iopart styl

Formal diagonalisation of Lax-Darboux schemes

We discuss the concept of Lax-Darboux scheme and illustrate it on well known examples associated with the Nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation. We explore the Darboux links of the NLS hierarchy with the hierarchy of Heisenberg model, principal chiral field model as well as with differential-difference integrable systems (including the Toda lattice and differential-difference Heisenberg chain) and integrable partial difference systems. We show that there exists a transformation which formally diagonalises all elements of the Lax-Darboux scheme simultaneously. It provides us with generating functions of local conservation laws for all integrable systems obtained. We discuss the relations between conservation laws for systems belonging to the Lax-Darboux scheme.Comment: 26 page

On a realization of {β}\{\beta\}-expansion in QCD

We suggest a simple algebraic approach to fix the elements of the $\{ \beta \}$-expansion for renormalization group invariant quantities, which uses additional degrees of freedom. The approach is discussed in detail for N$^2$LO calculations in QCD with the MSSM gluino -- an additional degree of freedom. We derive the formulae of the $\{ \beta \}$-expansion for the nonsinglet Adler $D$-function and Bjorken polarized sum rules in the actual N$^3$LO within this quantum field theory scheme with the MSSM gluino and the scheme with the second additional degree of freedom. We discuss the properties of the $\{ \beta \}$-expansion for higher orders considering the N$^4$LO as an example.Comment: 14 pages, Introduction, Sec.2, Conclusion are significantly improve

Endpoint behavior of the pion distribution amplitude in QCD sum rules with nonlocal condensates

Starting from the QCD sum rules with nonlocal condensates for the pion distribution amplitude, we derive another sum rule for its derivative and its "integral" derivatives---defined in this work. We use this new sum rule to analyze the fine details of the pion distribution amplitude in the endpoint region $x\sim 0$. The results for endpoint-suppressed and flat-top (or flat-like) pion distribution amplitudes are compared with those we obtained with differential sum rules by employing two different models for the distribution of vacuum-quark virtualities. We determine the range of values of the derivatives of the pion distribution amplitude and show that endpoint-suppressed distribution amplitudes lie within this range, while those with endpoint enhancement---flat-type or CZ-like---yield values outside this range.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, conclusions update

Integrable ODEs on Associative Algebras

In this paper we give definitions of basic concepts such as symmetries, first integrals, Hamiltonian and recursion operators suitable for ordinary differential equations on associative algebras, and in particular for matrix differential equations. We choose existence of hierarchies of first integrals and/or symmetries as a criterion for integrability and justify it by examples. Using our componentless approach we have solved a number of classification problems for integrable equations on free associative algebras. Also, in the simplest case, we have listed all possible Hamiltonian operators of low order.Comment: 19 pages, LaTe

Nonabelian strings in a dense matter

We consider gauge theories with scalar matter with and without supersymmetry at nonzero chemical potential. It is argued that a chemical potential plays a role similar to the FI term. We analyze theory at weak coupling regime at large chemical potential and argue that it supports nonabelian non-BPS strings. Worldsheet theory on the nonabelian string in a dense matter is briefly discussed.Comment: 14 page

Perturbative Symmetry Approach

Perturbative Symmetry Approach is formulated in symbolic representation. Easily verifiable integrability conditions of a given equation are constructed in the frame of the approach. Generalisation for the case of non-local and non-evolution equations is disscused. Application of the theory to the Benjamin-Ono and Camassa-Holm type equations is considered.Comment: 16 page

Cut moments and a generalization of DGLAP equations

We elaborate a cut (truncated) Mellin moments (CMM) approach that is constructed to study deep inelastic scattering in lepton-hadron collisions at the natural kinematic constraints. We show that generalized CMM obtained by multiple integrations of the original parton distribution $f(x,\mu^2)$ as well as ones obtained by multiple differentiations of this $f(x,\mu^2)$ also satisfy the DGLAP equations with the correspondingly transformed evolution kernel $P(z)$. Appropriate classes of CMM for the available experimental kinematic range are suggested and analyzed. Similar relations can be obtained for the structure functions $F(x)$, being the Mellin convolution $F= C \ast f$, where $C$ is the coefficient function of the process.Comment: 11 page